Notes on taxonomy and nomenclature top of page the cassava mealybug was first reported in 1973 from the kinshasa congo democratic republic zaire and brazzaville republic of congo areas of africa hahn and williams, 1973. Pseudococcidae has attacked cotton gossypium hirsutum l. How to merge pdfs and combine pdf files adobe acrobat dc. The potential distribution of an invasive mealybug. First report of invasive mealybug phenacoccus solenopsis.
Dna from 15 specimens and morphological data from 22 specimens were used to confirm the identity of the mealybug species. Pseudococcidae, is an aggressive pest threatening crops worldwide. Investigation on population dynamics of hibiscus mealybug. Free fulltext pdf articles from hundreds of disciplines, all in one place does mutualism drive the invasion of two alien species. A record of 166 host plants of mealybug phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley belonging to 51 families comprising 78 weeds, 27 ornamentals, 18 trees, 17 vegetables, 12 field crops, 8 fruit plants and 4. Jun 22, 2014 the solenopsis mealybug phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley hemiptera.
Vidhate4 abstract studies on population dynamics of hibiscus mealybug, phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley in relation to biotic. Reproduction of the solenopsis mealybug, phenacoccus. The cotton mealybug, phenacoccus solenopsis, the distribution of which was formerly limited to nearctic and neotropical regions, recently invaded many countries in various regions including asia, africa, and the pacific. However, there are a few methods that let you perform the pdf search operation so you can search for a specific word in multiple pdf files at once on your machine. The case of solenopsis invicta and phenacoccus solenopsis pdf paperity. The hitherto unknown insect was subsequently described and named in 1977 as phenacoccus manihoti matileferrero, 1977, originating from the. Although native ants may also establish mutualistic relationships with p. First discovered in cotton crops in texas in 1990, it caused widespread damage. Foreward the strengthening phytosanitary capacity in bangladesh spcb project under plant quarantine wing pqw, department of agriculture extension dae, ministry of agriculture conducted the study for the. Biology of cotton mealybug, phenacoccus solenopsis. Pseudococcidae on many crops belong to different families making a real worry for both farmers and research scientists.
Bioecology of solenopsis mealybug, phenacoccus solenopsis. Phenacoccus solenopsis has the capacity to feed on a wide range of host plants, including plant species of economic importance belonging to the families cucurbitaceae, fabaceae, and solanaceae arif et al. Parasitic effects of solitary endoparasitoid, aenasius. Pseudococcidae has been the current topic of research for insect taxonomists and applied. Sep 23, 2019 phenacoccus solenopsis, commonly known as solenopsis mealybug, is a polyphagous pest, which infests major food and fiber crops in india. Biology of the mealybug, phenacoccus solenopsis on cotton in. There are at least 180 described species in phenacoccus. Genetic record for a recent invasion of phenacoccus.
First record of ashwagandha as a new host to the invasive mealybug phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley in india. The efficacy of different synthetic insecticides and neem oil against cotton mealybug, phenacoccus solenopsis was tested under laboratory and field conditions in cotton crop. Having originated in north america, it has spread to other parts of the world and become a major pest of cotton crops. Nov 29, 2015 this page was last edited on 29 november 2015, at 10. Click add files and select the files you want to include in your pdf. This is the first record of phenacoccus solani ferris hemiptera. Annotated bibliography on cotton mealybug phenacoccus solenopsisstinsley s. Pseudococcidae appeared first time in 2005, reported from district vehari punajb and sanghar sindh in pakistan, the economic damage caused by this pest was 40% and reached up to 3. Biology of the mealybug, phenacoccus solenopsis on cotton in the laboratory s vennila1, aj deshmukh2, d pinjarkar2, m agarwal1, vv ramamurthy3, s joshi3, kr kranthi2 and om bambawale1 1national centre for integrated pest management, lbs building, iari, new delhi, india. Pseudococcidae, an invasive pest species, has appeared on a large scale on cotton in india since 2006. Efficacy of some selected botanical extracts against the. Studies on population dynamics of hibiscus mealybug, phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley in relation to biotic factors were carried on randomly selected hibiscus plants at college farm, n.
Temperature dependent development of phenacoccus solenopsis under laboratory conditions sanjeev kumar1 and dimitrios ch. Vinobaba department of zoology, faculty of science, eastern university, sri lanka. Role of roadside and backyard ornamentals in the spread of p. Biology of cotton mealybug, phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley. The only downside of the pdf format is that you cant search for text inside these files as easily as you can with other files.
An phenacoccus solenopsis in uska species han insecta nga ginhulagway ni richard c. Rearrange individual pages or entire files in the desired order. Pseudococcidae 2 biology the series of collections made at the fernandina beach nursery and the residential planting in cooper city revealed a population with all life stages present. Mealybug source a phenacoccus solenopsis culture was maintained and mass multiplied at room temper.
First record of ashwagandha as a new host to the invasive mealybug phenacoccus solenopsis. Biology of the mealybug, phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley. Temperature dependent development of phenacoccus solenopsis. Phenacoccus solenopsis, the cotton mealybug or solenopsis mealybug, is a species of mealybug in the family pseudococcidae. The case of solenopsis invicta and phenacoccus solenopsis. The objective of this study was to determine total life cycle of the cotton mealybug from the first instar to the death of adult. World distribution of phenacoccus solenopsis phenso. On the problems in diagnostics of cotton mealybug phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley hemiptera. Phenacoccus solenopsis phensooverview eppo global database. This polyphagous pest was probably introduced accidentally from north america. Sulfoxaflor and spirotetramat have been shown to exhibit significant mortality of different mealybug species such as against pink hibiscus mealybug maconellicoccus hirsutus ganjisaffar et al.
Comparative toxicity of some selected novel chemistry. Phenacoccus solenopsis cotton mealybug and the closely related p. Pakistan entomologist assessment of natural incidence of. Insecticides, commando 97% df, confidor 20% sl, lannate 40% sp, actara 25 wg. Technology for automated aerial release of natural enemies of the cassava mealybug and cassava green mite. Padilchamaiporn buamas department of agriculture, thailand cc by 3. The solenopsis mealybug, phenacoccus solenopsis, has been recently recognized as an aggressively invasive pest in china, and is now becoming a serious threat to the cotton industry in the country. The number of mealybug mummies on plants without fire ants. Suppression of jasmonic aciddependent defense in cotton. Solenopsis invicta suppress native ant by excluding mutual exploitation from the invasive mealybug, phenacoccus solenopsis. This document is made available in accordance with publisher policies and may differ from the. To assess the impact of primary and secondary parasitoids on the population of the solenopsis. Phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley references edit zhao, j. Spinosad and spirotetramat controlled the pest and caused the least reduction in parasitization by natural enemies.
Pseudococcidae is a polyphagous insect that attacks tens of plant and causes substantial economic loss. Help your pdf meet the size limit by breaking down large documents into smaller pieces to facilitate electronic distribution. You can merge pdfs or a mix of pdf documents and other files. Prabhakar national centre for integrated pest management lbs building, pusa campus, new delhi110 012 ncipm contribution under naipcomp 4dss c 2046 research into decision support system for. Dorsum with a dark bar, spots on intersegmental areas of thorax and abdomen, with 18 pairs of lateral wax filament. Pseudococcidae, is a serious invasive species that significantly damages plants of approximately 60 families 910 and is widely distributed in more than 24 countries, causing substantial crop losses 1112. Numerous females had fully developed ovisacs filled with eggs, and.
Solenopsis invicta suppress native ant by excluding mutual. Phenacoccus solenopsis cotton mealybug and the closely. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. Split pdf pdf split into multiple files online free. It is a major pest of cotton in cottongrowing areas of the world joshi et al. Feeding potential of cryptolaemus montrouzieri against the.
Hodgsn, department of biodiversity and systemic biology, national museum of wales, cardiff, wales, uk. The functional difference of eight chitinase genes between. Phenacoccus solenopsis grows rapidly in the end of the nymphal stage, and the size of adult females is nearly twice that of third instars. Pseudococcidae is an economic pest, whose hosts are widespread around the world 20,21. Though insect chitinases have been well studied in tens of insects, their functions in mealybug are still not addressed. Thus, it is necessary to investigate the molecular mechanisms employed by cotton for defending against p. Biology of the mealybug, phenacoccus solenopsis on cotton in the. This report discusses the implications of the introduction of this. It is observed in 35 localities among globe bendov 2009 6. Widespread infestation of the exotic mealybug species, phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley. Expression patterns, molecular characterization, and. Survival, development and reproduction of phenacoccus solenopsis.
The solenopsis mealybug, phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley hemiptera. Development, survival, host range and natural enemies kedar, santoshkumar c. The species present were identified as phenacoccus solani ferris, phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley, and planococcus citri risso. A especie phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley e uma especie polifaga e relatada em plantas cultivadas, ornamentais, hortalicas e. Effects of temperature and host stage on the parasitization rate and. Pseudococcidae attacking cotton and the predators and parasitoids associated with it were recorded in the cotton growing belt of haryana state by conducting monthly surveys during 2008 and 2009. Pdf since at least 2005, a possibly introduced mealybug of the genus phenacoccus has been causing serious damage to cotton gossypium. The raw data has been supplied as supplemental dataset files. Zootaxa, phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley sternorrhyncha.
An invasive insect species, mealybug, phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley hemiptera. Comparison of phenacoccus solenopsis specimens from different. Phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley also known as cotton mealybug cmb is an important sucking insect pest with polyphagous feeding nature. Cotton is primarily grown by smallholder farmers 1. Phenacoccus is a genus of mealybugs in the family pseudococcidae.
Phenacoccus solenopsis was first recorded in brazil, infesting tomato plants was found on common weeds in manguinhos indicating that mealybug originating from nearby weeds might had infested those crops. The phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley is polyphagous and considered a severe pest of ornamental, agricultural, and horticultural cultivated crops. Drying and curling of inflorescences, tender leaves and twigs were. Efficacy of some selected botanical extracts against the cotton mealybug phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley hemiptera. College of agriculture, navsari agricultural university, navsari gujarat during 200708. Ai ming zhou 1,2, guang wen liang 2, ling zeng 2, yong yue lu 2 and yi juan xu 2. It attacks 200 plant species from 55 different families in 24 countries vennila et al. It appeared as serious pest of cotton and threatened its. Biology of the mealybug, phenacoccus solenopsis on cotton. Pseudococcidae has emerged as an aggressive pest on a wide range of host plants in many countries. Removal and careful destruction of plants or plant parts of p. The recent outbreak of cotton mealybug, phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley hemiptera. Spread and current distribution of the cassava mealybug, phenacoccus manihoti homoptera.
Phenacoccus solenopsis solenopsis mealybug body gray, about 4 mm long, with many lateral wax filaments. An phenacoccus solenopsis in nahilalakip ha genus nga phenacoccus, ngan familia nga pseudococcidae. Phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley, the solenopsis mealybug. How to search for text inside multiple pdf files at once. Mealybug demes were found on young tender leaves, twigs, inflorescence panicles and fruit peduncles of cashew anacardium occidentale l. Save map as png save map as svg save list as excel file save list as csv file. Pseudococcidae has been the current topic of research for insect taxonomists and applied entomologists in india due to its invasiveness, rapid spread, morphological and biological variations and the need for establishing an effective control strategy. Insecticides and biotech varieties protect indian cotton from. The mealybug, phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley hemiptera. The mealybug phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley hemiptera. Phenacoccus gossypiphilous is considered to be a nomen nudum, which is a synonym of phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley and the pest has achieved a status of serious threat in pakistan. The mutualism between solenopsis invicta and phenacoccus solenopsis facilitates population increase and fitness of each other. The functions of dna methyltransferase dnmt enzymes in the cotton mealybug have not been well studied. Insect chitinases are required to remove the old cuticle to allow for continued growth and development.
Wax on top of body surface appears as a cottony mass, horizontal dark stripes at the tip of the end of the body i. Its distribution within the plant, and associated yield losses in cotton, were studied over 2 years. Pseudococcidae was recorded as a new pest on tomato plants lycopersicon. Host plant range of mealybug phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley.
Widespread infestation of the exotic mealybug species. Annotated bibliography on cotton mealybug phenacoccus. In this study, we determined the structure of a sex. The feeding of mealybug may cause leaf yellowing, defoliation, reduced plant growth and in some cases death of plants culik and gullan, 2005. Predation of cryptolaemus montrouzieri on cotton mealybug. Pseudococcidae is an invasive species threatening cotton cultivation in india and all over the world. Observations on field incidence of solenopsis mealybug, phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley hemiptera. Pdf the invasive mealybug phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley, a. Insecticides and biotech varieties protect indian cotton from significant losses international pesticide benefits case study no.
Niche shifts and the potential distribution of phenacoccus. The cotton mealybug phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley hemiptera. Genetic record for a recent invasion of the mealybug phenacoccus solenopsis in asia. Pdf the cotton mealybug phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley. The solenopsis mealybug phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley hemiptera. Positive identification requires slidemounting of the specimen. General information about phenacoccus solenopsis phenso eppo global database.
First record of new exotic mealybug species, phenacoccus. Pdf in israel, the cotton mealybug phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley, an invasive scale insect, was reported for the first time in the jordan. The cotton mealybug, phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley hemiptera. Two years later it was present in central america, the caribbean and ecuador. Phenacoccus manihoti is a scale insect species in the early 1970s, the cassava mealybug p. Sep 03, 2016 phenacoccus solenopsis is now considered to be a major economic threat to cotton in asia and other parts of the world. Investigation on population dynamics of hibiscus mealybug, phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley in relation to biotic factors under south gujarat condition s. Abstract a field trial on a moderately infested fourmonth old cassava plot was initiated at ugwuoba field station of national root crops research institute, to determine the efficacy of five insecticides for control of cassava mealybug cmb, phenacoccus manihoti matferr. Solenopsis mealybug in australia an overview the solenopsis mealybug phenacoccus solenopsis was originally described in new mexico in 1897. Pdf recently, the mealybug phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley hemiptera. In the apopka nursery infestation, both the madeira mealybug and planococcus citri risso, the citrus mealybug, were also found. Within 15 years of its discovery, it had invaded most of west and central africa and was spreading to the east.
Insecticides and biotech varieties protect indian cotton. You can also split and merge files back together using out free online merge tool. Our handy tool even allows you to automatically split individual pages of your document into separate files. Pdf the cotton mealybug, phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley. Accidental introduction to new territories is possible through the movement of infested living cassava material for propogative purposes through shipping or air transportmail. The impact of some environmental factors on the fecundity of phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley. Phenacoccus solenopsis solenopsis mealybug unlu bit 01. Nov 30, 20 the solenopsis mealybug, phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley hemiptera. Molecular and morphological identification of the mealybug. Spirotetramat resistance selected in the phenacoccus. Five plants from each plant species were randomly selected to investigate the infestation percentage of p. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. Pdf biology of the mealybug, phenacoccus solenopsis on cotton.
Does mutualism drive the invasion of two alien species. The new mealybug was identified by the authors and confirmed as phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley by dr. Population dynamics, biology and chemical control of mealybug, phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley on hibiscus rosasinensis arve, swapnil, patel, k. Pest risk analysis pra of cotton in bangladesh according to the provision of contract agreement signed. Media in category phenacoccus solenopsis the following 2 files are in this category, out of 2 total. Biological characteristics and chemical control of the.
Phenotypic variation and identification of phenacoccus solenopsis tinsley hemiptera. The cotton mealybug, phenacoccus solenopsis, is an invasive pest that can cause massive damage to many host plants of agricultural importance. Kontodimas2 1regional research station, punjab agricultural university, ludhiana 141004, punjab, india, 2laboratory of agricultural entomology, benaki phytopathological institute, 8 stefanou delta, 14561 kifissia, greece. Phenacoccus solenopsis, commonly known as solenopsis mealybug, is a polyphagous pest, which infests major food and fiber crops in india. Cotton, host plants, mealybug, phenacoccus solenopsis, seasonal. Evaluation of insecticides for control of cassava mealybug. Click, drag, and drop to reorder files or press delete to remove any content you dont want. Pdf seasonal occurrence of solenopsis mealybug, phenacoccus.
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